To detect ARP spoofing, relay attacks, and DNS poisoning attacks in a Windows network, several detection capabilities are required. Here is a generic description of the detection capabilities needed for each of these attacks:
- ARP Spoofing Detection:
- ARP Table Monitoring: The detection system should continuously monitor the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) table on Windows machines. It checks for inconsistencies or changes in MAC address-to-IP mappings, which may indicate ARP spoofing.
- MAC Address Monitoring: The system should monitor MAC addresses associated with network interfaces and detect any changes or anomalies in MAC address assignments.
- ARP Request/Reply Analysis: By analyzing ARP request and reply packets, the detection system can identify discrepancies in the source and destination MAC addresses, such as multiple replies for a single request or duplicate IP-MAC mappings.
- Network Traffic Analysis: Anomaly detection algorithms can analyze network traffic patterns and identify abnormal ARP behaviors, such as a high volume of ARP requests or replies from a specific device.
- Relay Attack Detection:
- Authentication Monitoring: The detection system should monitor authentication events and logs to identify instances where authentication requests are forwarded or relayed to another system without the user’s knowledge.
- Time Synchronization Analysis: By analyzing timestamps and time synchronization protocols, the system can detect discrepancies or anomalies that may indicate a relay attack.
- Protocol Analysis: Relay attacks often involve the interception and modification of network protocols. The detection system should analyze protocol-level behaviors and identify unexpected modifications or alterations in the communication flow.
- DNS Poisoning Attack Detection:
- DNS Response Monitoring: The detection system should inspect DNS response packets to verify the legitimacy of the responses received from DNS servers. It checks for unexpected or inconsistent IP address mappings and examines DNS records for signs of tampering.
- DNS Cache Monitoring: By monitoring the DNS cache on Windows machines, the system can detect changes or discrepancies in cached DNS records, such as incorrect IP address mappings or inconsistencies between local cache and authoritative DNS records.
- DNS Query Analysis: Analyzing DNS query patterns can help identify abnormal query behavior, such as a sudden increase in queries for a specific domain or repeated queries for non-existent domains.
- DNSSEC Validation: The detection system can perform DNSSEC validation to ensure the integrity and authenticity of DNS responses, helping to detect DNS poisoning attempts that introduce false DNS records.
In addition to these detection capabilities, it is essential to maintain up-to-date security measures, such as deploying network segmentation, implementing strong access controls, regularly patching systems, and educating users about potential attack vectors. An integrated approach that combines network monitoring, traffic analysis, protocol inspection, and anomaly detection helps in detecting and mitigating ARP spoofing, relay attacks, and DNS poisoning attacks in a Windows network.